List of Mughal Emperors

by **raman** Sun Oct 21, 2012 6:44 pm

List of Mughal Emperors

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Name Birth-Death Reign Period Notes

Zaheeruddin Babar	February 23, 1483- December 26, 1530	1526-1530	Founder of the Mughal Dynasty.
Nasiruddin Mohammed Humayun	March 6, 1508- January 1556	1530-1540	Reign interrupted by Suri Dynasty.Youth and inexperience at ascension led tohis being regarded as a less effective ruler than usurper, Sher Shah Suri.
Sher Shah Suri	1472- May 1545	1540-1545	Deposed Humayun and led the Suri Dynasty; introduced tight, effective administration policies that would later be adopted by Akbar.
Islam Shah Suri	1500- 1554	1545-1554	2nd and last ruler of the Suri Dynasty, with less control of the empire than his father; claims of sons Sikandar and Adil Shah were eliminated by Humayun's restoration.
Nasiruddin Mohammed Humayun	March 6, 1508 - January 1556	1555-1556	Restored rule was more unified and effective than initial reign of 1530-1540; left unified empire for his son, Akbar.
Jalaluddin Mohammed Akbar	November 14, 1542- October 27, 1605	1556-1605	Akbar greatly expanded the Empire and is regarded as the most illustrious ruler of the Mughal Dynasty as he set up the empire's various institutions; he married Mariam-uz-Zamani, a Rajput princess. He eventually founded Din-i-Ilahi, a syncretic religion based on Hinduism and Islam.
Nuruddin Mohammed Jahangir	October 1569 - 1627	1605-1627	Jahangir set the precedent for sons rebelling against their Emperor fathers. Opened first relations with the British East India Company. Reportedly was an alcoholic and his wife Empress Nur Jahan became the real power behind the throne and competently ruled in his place.
Shahabuddin Mohammed Shah Jahan Known as Prince Khurram before ascension to the throne	January 5, 1592 - 1666	1627-1658	Under him, Mughal art and architecture reached their zenith; constructed the Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, Jahangirmausoleum and Shalimar Gardens inLahore.Deposed and imprisoned by his son Aurangzeb.
Moinuddin Mohammed Aurangzeb Alamgir	October 21, 1618 - March 3, 1707	1658-1707	More conservative in behavior and far less extravagant as the previous emperors; brought back Islamic law, and the jizya tax. His conquests expanded the empire to its greatest extent, incorporating much of southern India; the over-stretched empire would face challenges after his death.
Bahadur Shah I a.k.a Shah Alaam	October 14, 1643 - February 1712	1707-1712	First of the Mughal emperors to preside over a steady and severe decline in the territories under the empire's control and military power. After his reign, the emperor became a progressively insignificant figurehead.
Jahandar Shah	1664 - February 1713	1712-1713	He was merely a puppet in the hands of his Chief Minister Zulfikar Khan. The acts of Jahandar Shah brought down the prestige of the Mughal Empire.
Furrukhsiyar	1683 - 1719	1713-1719	In 1717 he granted a firman to the English East India Company granting them duty free trading rights for Bengal, and confirmed their position in India.
Rafi Ul-Darjat	Unknown - 1719	1719
Rafi Ud-Daulat a.k.a Shah Jahan II	Unknown - 1719	1719
Nikusiyar	Unknown - 1743	1719
Mohammed Ibrahim	Unknown - 1744	1720
Mohammed Shah	1702 - 1748	1719-1720, 1720-1748	Suffered the invasion of Nadir-Shah of Persia in 1739.

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